Dab tsi yog surfactant?

Surfactant molecules feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm ob qhov chaw, ib qho yog hydrophilic lub taub hau pab pawg, thiab lwm yam yog ib tug hydrophobic tail saw; Yog li ntawd, surfactant molecules muaj cov khoom tshwj xeeb uas yog hydrophilic thiab lipophilic. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm surfactants yog hais txog cov khoom uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv lub xeev interface ntawm lawv cov kev daws teeb meem los ntawm kev ntxiv me me. Raws li ib qho piv txwv nrov, thaum ntxuav tais diav, yog tsis ntxiv cov tshuaj detergent, roj thiab dej yog insoluble, thiab dej tsis tuaj yeem ntxuav cov roj. Tom qab ntxiv cov tshuaj detergent, cov roj yog ncig los ntawm cov npuas dej, thiab tuaj yeem ntxuav nrog dej. Dab tsi plays lub luag hauj lwm ntawm no yog surfactant nyob rau hauv detergent.
Surfactants tuaj yeem muab faib ua ionic thiab non ionic surfactants raws li hom hydrophilic pawg. Lub taub hau ntawm ionic surfactants tuaj yeem sib cais hauv dej, thiab tuaj yeem muab faib ua cationic, anionic, thiab zwitterionic surfactants raws li hom hydrophilic ion; Tsis yog ionic surfactants tsis cuam tshuam rau hauv cov tshuaj aqueous. Raws li cov khoom siv sib txawv siv, surfactants tuaj yeem muab faib ua roj av raws li surfactants thiab cov roj ntuj raws li surfactants; Raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm kev siv, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov khoom lag luam surfactants thiab cov surfactants niaj hnub.