Kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb polyurethane tseem tab tom ntsib kev hloov pauv ntawm cov nqi raw khoom, muaj peev xwm ntau lawm thiab kev xav tau qis. Rau cov chaw tsim khoom ntawm polyurethane elastomers, cov nplaum, txheej thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho, cov kev hloov no cuam tshuam tsis tau tsuas yog kev yuav cov nqi tab sis kuj tseem tsim cov phiaj xwm thiab cov khoom sib tw.
MDI, TDI thiab polyether polyols tseem yog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau ntau lub tshuab polyurethane. Lawv cov nqi lag luam raug cuam tshuam los ntawm cov nqi khoom noj, cov nqi cog qoob loo, cov sijhawm saib xyuas, qib khoom muag thiab kev xav tau los ntawm kev lag luam loj hauv qab. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, polyurethane raw khoom tus nqi tuaj yeem hloov pauv txawm tias qhov kev thov rau cov khoom tiav tseem nyob ruaj khov.
Ib qho tseem ceeb yog qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sab saud thiab kev tsim cov khoom siv polyurethane. Cov tuam txhab lag luam nrog cov chaw tsim khoom sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem sib koom ua ke cov khoom siv raw khoom hla ntau theem ntawm cov khoom muaj nqis. Qhov no tuaj yeem muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tswj hwm tus nqi thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntau lawm, txawm hais tias kev ua tau zoo tiag tiag tseem nyob ntawm kev ua lag luam thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo.
Wanhua Chemical, BASF thiab Covestro yog cov koom tes tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam no. Lawv cov tes hauj lwm tsim khoom thiab cov khoom lag luam muab lawv txoj haujlwm sib txawv hauv kev ua lag luam thoob ntiaj teb. Wanhua tau tsim muaj peev xwm loj hauv MDI, TDI thiab polyether polyols, thaum BASF thiab Covestro sib xyaw cov khoom siv raw nrog ntau yam khoom siv hauv qab thiab cov kev daws teeb meem.
Rau cov tuam txhab polyurethane, txawm li cas los xij, kev hloov pauv ntawm cov nqi lag luam tsis tuaj yeem ntsuas los ntawm kev saib ntawm ib tus neeg muag khoom ib leeg. Kev muaj nyob hauv cheeb tsam, cov nqi tsheb thauj mus los, cov lus cog lus thiab cov khoom tshwj xeeb txhua tus cuam tshuam tus nqi yuav khoom zaum kawg. Cov khoom siv uas tau hais los ntawm tus nqi qis yuav tsis muab cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam zoo tshaj plaws yog tias lub sijhawm xa khoom ntev dua los yog yuav tsum tau kuaj ntxiv ua ntej ntau lawm.
Kev xav tau los ntawm kev lag luam hauv qab yog lwm qhov kev xav tseem ceeb. Automotive Cheebtsam, rooj tog zaum, khau, cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho, kev lag luam chais thiab cov txheej tiv thaiv txhua tus siv cov ntaub ntawv polyurethane, tab sis lawv cov kev yuav khoom sib txawv. Qee daim ntawv thov yuav tsum muaj qhov loj thiab muaj peev xwm kwv yees tau ntau, thaum lwm tus nyob ntawm qhov phiaj xwm phiaj xwm lossis kev hloov pauv ntawm cov neeg siv khoom xaj.
Cov kev cai lij choj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov khoom xav tau. Cov neeg tsim khoom tsim cov khoom lag luam nrog kev txhim kho kev puas tsuaj, kev tiv thaiv hydrolysis, yoog raws lossis huab cua tuaj yeem xav tau tshwj xeeb polyurethane formulations ntau dua li cov ntaub ntawv raw. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, cov khoom lag luam kev ua tau zoo thiab kev txhawb nqa kev ua haujlwm yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txiav txim siab yuav khoom.
Lwm qhov teeb meem yog qhov kev mob siab loj zuj zus rau kev muab cov saw sib txawv. Cov tuam txhab uas cia siab rau ib qho chaw yuav ntsib teeb meem thaum cov nroj tsuag tau txais kev saib xyuas, kev thauj mus los raug cuam tshuam los yog qhov kev thov hauv cheeb tsam tau nce poob poob poob qis. Kev tsim nyog lwm tus neeg muab khoom siv tuaj yeem muab tau yooj yim dua, txawm hais tias qhov sib txawv ntawm viscosity, reactivity thiab cov khoom siv tshuab kawg yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo soj ntsuam.
Rau cov neeg yuav khoom lag luam thoob ntiaj teb, kev lag luam cov cai thiab cov kev cai ntshuam hauv zos kuj tsim nyog mloog. Lub luag haujlwm, kev faib tawm kev lis kev cai thiab cov cai hauv tebchaws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev sib tw ntawm cov khoom siv los ntawm ntau qhov chaw tsim khoom. Cov yam tseem ceeb no yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas nrog rau tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv es tsis yog tom qab qhov kev txiav txim tau muab tso rau.
Saib ua ntej, kev ua lag luam polyurethane tseem yuav cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm cov peev txheej tsim khoom thiab kev siv qis qis. Cov neeg tsim khoom uas saib xyuas cov khoom siv raw, tswj cov qib khoom tsim nyog thiab tsim nyog cov kev xaiv yuav zoo dua los teb rau cov kev hloov pauv.
Rau feem ntau cov lag luam polyurethane, lub hom phiaj tsis yog tsuas yog yuav khoom ntawm tus nqi qis tshaj plaws. Qhov zoo ib yam, txhim khu kev qha xa khoom thiab lub peev xwm los kho cov khoom siv thaum lub lag luam hloov pauv yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev sib tw mus sij hawm ntev.