Tsis ntev los no, Ministry of Ecology thiab Ib puag ncig tau tshaj tawm "Kev Tshaj Tawm Txog Kev Txwv Tsis Pub Ntau Lawm Cov Khoom Siv Polyurethane nrog 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane (HCFC-141b) ua tus neeg ua npuas ncauj" thiab "Tshaj Tawm Txog Kev Tiv Thaiv Cov Khoom Siv Hauv Tsev Cov Tub Txias thiab Cov Khoom Muag Freezer nrog Hydrofluorocarbons" raws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. hu ua ob Cov ntawv tshaj tawm).Tus neeg muaj feem cuam tshuam ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ua Haujlwm Ib puag ncig ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Ib puag ncig tau teb cov neeg sau xov xwm cov lus nug txog ob daim ntawv tshaj tawm.
Lus Nug: Dab tsi yog keeb kwm thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm ob qhov kev tshaj tawm?
Teb: Txij li thaum kuv lub teb chaws tau nkag mus rau Montreal Protocol ntawm Cov Khoom Uas Ua Rau Cov Txheej Txheem Ozone (tom qab no hu ua Protocol) hauv xyoo 1991, nws tau txuas ntxiv mus rau theem tawm thiab hloov ozone -depleting tshuaj (ODS) rau kev tswj kev siv, thiab ua tiav theem - tawm ntawm tsib pawg, suav nrog ODS perfluorofluorocarbons, halons, carbon tetrachloride, methyl chloroform thiab methyl bromide raws li teem tseg. Cov theem nrawm dua- tawm ntawm hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) tam sim no tab tom ua.In 2021, kuv lub teb chaws tau txais "Kigali Amendment" los txwv kev tswj hwm ntawm hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), pib tswj HFCs, thiab pib ua HFCs txo qis.
Thaum lub Plaub Hlis 2025, Ministry of Ecology thiab Ib puag ncig, National Development thiab Reform Commission, Ministry of Industry thiab Information Technology, Ministry of Commerce thiab General Administration ntawm kev lis kev cai tau tshaj tawm "Tuam Tshoj National Plan for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer (2025-2030)", uas qhia meej meej tias kev lag luam ua npuas ncauj. HCFC-141b raws li ib tug foaming neeg sawv cev los ntawm Lub Xya hli ntuj 1, 2026. Cov khoom nrog HCFC-141b ua tus foaming agent; Kev lag luam khoom siv hauv tsev yuav txwv tsis pub tsim cov tub yees thiab lub tub yees nrog HFCs ua cov tub yees txij Lub Ib Hlis 1, 2026.
Kev lag luam polyurethane ua npuas ncauj yog ib qho ntawm cov neeg siv khoom tseem ceeb ntawm HCFCs, thiab HCFC-141b yog siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev foaming los tsim cov khoom siv polyurethane xws li thermal rwb thaiv tsev ua npuas ncauj boards.Lub Ministry of Ecology thiab ib puag ncig tau tshaj tawm kev txwv rau HCFC-141b ua tus neeg sawv cev foaming rau sub-kev lag luam xws li lub tub yees lub tub yees, cov thawv txias, lub tshuab hluav taws xob, thiab cov kav hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev, lub hnub ci dej rhaub, thiab lwm yam., Tab sis tam sim no, sub- kev lag luam xws li ntawv, tshuaj tsuag, tshuaj pleev ib ce, ib leeg, thiab qee qhov chaw niche tseem siv HCFC-141b ntxiv rau hauv kev lag luam, xws li cov khoom lag luam. upstream tuam txhab uas muag uas siv HCFC-141b ua ib tug foaming neeg sawv cev los tsim ua ke polyethers.Kuv lub teb chaws tau ua ntau yam hauj lwm ntawm kev txhawb nqa ntawm lwm yam technologies. Muaj ntau yam kev paub tab nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev lag luam sub-industries, thiab nws tau sau ntau yam kev paub hauv kev hloov pauv thiab tshem tawm. Cov tuam txhab lag luam muaj peev xwm xaiv cov kev xaiv tsim nyog raws li cov khoom lag luam xav tau thiab kev lag luam pheej yig.
Kuv lub teb chaws yog ib lub chaw tsim khoom loj hauv tsev tub yees thiab lub freezers. Tam sim no, nws tsuas yog siv qis -carbon thiab ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg ua haujlwm cov tshuaj isobutane ua cov tub yees, thiab tsuas yog qee cov khoom xa tawm tseem siv HFCs ua cov tub yees.Los ntawm kev pom, isobutane tau ua tiav siv cov tub yees rau tsev neeg tub yees thiab lub tub yees rau ntau xyoo. Cov thev naus laus zis yog qhov paub tab, cov saw hlau muaj khoom zoo, thiab kev lag luam nkag mus tau ntau dua 90%, uas yog technically ua tau.Los ntawm kev lag luam ntawm kev pom, isobutane yog ib qho los ntawm - khoom ntawm kev lag luam petrochemical, tus nqi qis dua li ntawm HFCs, thiab cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig tau pom tseeb.Raws li qhov xwm txheej no, ob qho kev tshaj tawm yog kev tshaj tawm. tshem tawm thiab txo HFCs thiab ua tiav cov hom phiaj ua raws li lub teb chaws. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev los txhawb kev ntsuab, qis - carbon thiab siab - kev loj hlob zoo ntawm cov lag luam muaj feem xyuam, thiab ua kom pom tias Tuam Tshoj lub siab xav ua raws li cov kev cai thoob ntiaj teb ib puag ncig. Lub luag haujlwm tus cwj pwm.